Colours of fire: fireworks, sentence 15
The northern lights are made when particles from the Sun hit gases high in our air: oxygen glows green and red, nitrogen blue and purple.
Who acts: particles, oxygen · What happens: make, hit, glow · To what, where: northern lights, gases, air
This is a sentence of the lesson «Colours of fire: fireworks» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (particles, oxygen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lights | det |
| 2 | northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lights | amod |
| 3 | lights | light | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 made | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 made | aux:pass |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 11 hit | mark |
| 7 | particles | particle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 hit | nsubj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Sun | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Sun | det |
| 10 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 particles | nmod |
| 11 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 made | advcl |
| 12 | gases | gas | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 hit | obj |
| 13 | high | high | ADV | _ | 11 hit | advmod |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 air | case |
| 15 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 air | nmod:poss |
| 16 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hit | obl |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 glows | punct |
| 18 | oxygen | oxygen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 glows | nsubj |
| 19 | glows | glow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 made | parataxis |
| 20 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 glows | xcomp |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 red | cc |
| 22 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 green | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 blue | punct |
| 24 | nitrogen | Nitrogen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 blue | nsubj |
| 25 | blue | Blue | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 glows | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 purple | cc |
| 27 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 blue | conj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · passive | the northern lights | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | |||||
| 2 | hit | present | particles from the Sun | gases | our air | high property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent gas=Theme in air=Destination | ||
| 3 | glow | present | oxygen | green property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:026-colours-of-fire-fireworks.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/26-colours-of-fire-fireworks/15/