Leaves, fruit and colour in nature, sentence 11
Carrots help your eyes only if you lack vitamin A; the story that carrots gave pilots night vision is usually said to have been spread in the Second World War to hide the use of radar.
Who acts: Carrots, you · What happens: help, lack, give, say, spread, hide · To what, where: eyes, vitamin, story, pilots, Second World War, use · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Carrots, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Carrots | carrot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 help | nsubj |
| 2 | help | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 help | obj |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 lack | advmod |
| 6 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 lack | mark |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 8 lack | nsubj |
| 8 | lack | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 help | advcl |
| 9 | vitamin | vitamin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lack | obj |
| 10 | A | A | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 vitamin | flat |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 help | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 story | det |
| 13 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 said | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 gave | obj |
| 15 | carrots | carrot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 gave | nsubj |
| 16 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 story | acl:relcl |
| 17 | pilots | pilot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 gave | iobj |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 vision | compound |
| 19 | vision | vision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gave | obj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 said | aux:pass |
| 21 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 22 said | advmod |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 help | parataxis |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 spread | mark |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 26 spread | aux |
| 25 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 spread | aux:pass |
| 26 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 said | xcomp |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 War | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 War | det |
| 29 | Second | Second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 31 War | amod |
| 30 | World | World | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 War | compound |
| 31 | War | War | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 spread | obl |
| 32 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 hide | mark |
| 33 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 spread | advcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 use | det |
| 35 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 hide | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 radar | case |
| 37 | radar | radar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 use | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 help | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | help | present | Carrots | your eyes | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Beneficiary | ||||
| 2 | lack a condition, not said to happen | present | you | vitamin | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | give | past | carrots | the story | pilots | tree rules | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present · passive | the story | usually property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | spread | to-infinitive · perfect · passive | the Second World War | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: in war=Location | |||||
| 6 | hide | to-infinitive | the use of radar | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Patient | |||||
| 7 | use | radar | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:028-colour-in-nature.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/11/