Leaves, fruit and colour in nature, sentence 9
As a tomato ripens its green fades and a red pigment called lycopene builds up; tomatoes ripen faster next to bananas because bananas give off a gas called ethylene.
Who acts: tomato, green, red pigment, tomatoes, bananas, gas · What happens: ripen, fade, call, build up, give off · To what, where: lycopene, gas, ethylene · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Leaves, fruit and colour in nature» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tomato, green, red pigment, tomatoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 ripens | mark |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 tomato | det |
| 3 | tomato | tomato | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ripens | nsubj |
| 4 | ripens | ripen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 ripen | advcl |
| 5 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 green | nmod:poss |
| 6 | green | green | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fades | nsubj |
| 7 | fades | fade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 ripens | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 builds | cc |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 pigment | det |
| 10 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 pigment | amod |
| 11 | pigment | pigment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 builds | nsubj |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 pigment | acl |
| 13 | lycopene | lycopene | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 called | xcomp |
| 14 | builds | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 fades | conj |
| 15 | up | up | ADP | _ | 14 builds | compound:prt |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 ripen | punct |
| 17 | tomatoes | tomato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 ripen | nsubj |
| 18 | ripen | ripen | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 ripen | advmod |
| 20 | next | next | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 18 ripen | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 bananas | case |
| 22 | bananas | banana | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 next | obl |
| 23 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 25 give | mark |
| 24 | bananas | banana | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 give | nsubj |
| 25 | give | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 ripen | advcl |
| 26 | off | off | ADP | _ | 25 give | compound:prt |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 gas | det |
| 28 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 give | obj |
| 29 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 gas | acl |
| 30 | ethylene | ethylene | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 called | xcomp |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 ripen | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ripen | present | a tomato | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | fade | present | tomato's green | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | call | participle | a red pigment not said here | lycopene | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | build up | present | a red pigment | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | ripen | infinitive | tomatoes | fast, next property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | give off | present | bananas | a gas | vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source gas=Theme | ||||
| 7 | call | participle | a gas not said here | ethylene | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:028-colour-in-nature.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/28-colour-in-nature/9/