Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate, sentence 1

We write what you hear in pinyin, with little tone marks showing whether the voice stays high, rises, dips or falls.

Who acts: We, you, little tone marks, voice · What happens: write, hear, show, stay, rise, dip · To what, where: pinyin · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, you, little tone marks, voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 write	nsubj
2	write	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 hear	obj
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 hear	nsubj
5	hear	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 write	ccomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 pinyin	case
7	pinyin	pinyin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hear	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 marks	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	12 marks	case
10	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 marks	amod
11	tone	tone	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 marks	compound
12	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 write	obl
13	showing	show	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 marks	acl
14	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	17 stays	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 voice	det
16	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 stays	nsubj
17	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 showing	ccomp
18	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 stays	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 rises	punct
20	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 high	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 dips	punct
22	dips	dip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 rises	conj
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 falls	cc
24	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 rises	conj
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 write	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	write	present	We		with little tone marks	vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hear	present	you	pinyin		vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus
3	show	gerund	little tone marks not said here			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	stay	present	the voice		high property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	rise	present				vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	dip	present				vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
7	fall	present				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/1/