Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate, sentence 4

Just as you say «hiya» to a mate but «good morning» to the head teacher, Mandarin has a cheeky hāi for kids, a polite nín hǎo for Ming's granny, and a quick zǎo! for the morning.

Who acts: you, Mandarin · What happens: say, have · To what, where: hiya, mate, cheeky hāi · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Mandarin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Just	just	ADV	_	4 say	advmod
2	as	as	SCONJ	_	4 say	mark
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 has	advcl
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 hiya	punct
6	hiya	hiya	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 say	obj
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 hiya	punct
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 mate	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 mate	det
10	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 say	obl
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	14 morning	cc
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 morning	punct
13	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 morning	amod
14	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hiya	conj
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 morning	punct
16	to	to	ADP	_	19 teacher	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 teacher	det
18	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 teacher	compound
19	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 morning	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct
21	Mandarin	Mandarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 has	nsubj
22	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 hāi	det
24	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 hāi	amod
25	hāi	hāi	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 has	obj
26	for	for	ADP	_	27 kids	case
27	kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 hāi	nmod
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 hǎo	punct
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 hǎo	det
30	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 hǎo	amod
31	nín	nín	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 hǎo	compound
32	hǎo	hǎo	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 hāi	conj
33	for	for	ADP	_	36 granny	case
34	Ming	Ming	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 granny	nmod:poss
35	's	's	PART	_	34 Ming	case
36	granny	granny	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 hǎo	nmod
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 zǎo	punct
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 zǎo	cc
39	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	41 zǎo	det
40	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 zǎo	amod
41	zǎo	zǎo	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 hāi	conj
42	!	!	PUNCT	_	22 has	punct
43	for	for	ADP	_	45 morning	case
44	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	45 morning	det
45	morning	morning	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 has	obl
46	.	.	PUNCT	_	22 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	you	hiya but good morning to the head teacher	a mate				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent hiya=Topic to mate=Recipient
2	have	present	Mandarin	a cheeky hāi and a polite nín hǎo for Ming's granny and a quick zǎo			morning	for kids	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hāi=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/4/