Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate, sentence 5
At home time you hear zàijiàn (goodbye, «again see»), bāibāi (bye-bye, borrowed from English), míngtiān jiàn (see you tomorrow) and huítóu jiàn (see you later).
Who acts: you · What happens: hear, see, borrow · To what, where: zàijiàn, bāibāi, English, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Hello and goodbye: the first words at the gate» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 time | compound |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hear | obl |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 hear | nsubj |
| 5 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | zàijiàn | zàijiàn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 hear | obj |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 goodbye | punct |
| 8 | goodbye | goodbye | INTJ | _ | 6 zàijiàn | discourse |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 see | punct |
| 10 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 12 see | punct |
| 11 | again | again | ADV | _ | 12 see | advmod |
| 12 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 6 zàijiàn | appos |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 12 see | punct |
| 14 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 12 see | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 bāibāi | punct |
| 16 | bāibāi | bāibāi | NOUN | _ | 6 zàijiàn | conj |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 bye | punct |
| 18 | bye | bye | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 bāibāi | appos |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 bye | punct |
| 20 | bye | bye | X | _ | 18 bye | flat |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 borrowed | punct |
| 22 | borrowed | borrow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 bāibāi | acl |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 English | case |
| 24 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 borrowed | obl |
| 25 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 borrowed | punct |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 jiàn | punct |
| 27 | míngtiān | míngtiān | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 jiàn | amod |
| 28 | jiàn | jiàn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 zàijiàn | conj |
| 29 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 30 see | punct |
| 30 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 28 jiàn | parataxis |
| 31 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 see | obj |
| 32 | tomorrow | tomorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 see | obl:unmarked |
| 33 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 30 see | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 jiàn | cc |
| 35 | huítóu | huítóu | X | _ | 36 jiàn | compound |
| 36 | jiàn | jiàn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 zàijiàn | conj |
| 37 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 38 see | punct |
| 38 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 36 jiàn | parataxis |
| 39 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 see | obj |
| 40 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 38 see | advmod |
| 41 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 38 see | punct |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 hear | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | present | you | zàijiàn and bāibāi and míngtiān jiàn and huítóu jiàn | time | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer zàijiàn=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | see in a quote | infinitive | again | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | borrow | participle | bāibāi not said here | English | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from english=Source | ||||
| 4 | see | infinitive | you | tomorrow | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | see | infinitive | you | late property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:001-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/1-hello-and-goodbye-at-the-gate/5/