School words, sentence 9
tóngxué («TONG-shweh», both rising) means classmate, a little more formal than péngyou (friend); a classmate is not always a friend.
Who acts: tóngxué, classmate · What happens: mean, not be · To what, where: classmate, friend
This is a sentence of the lesson «School words» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tóngxué, classmate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tóngxué | tóngxué | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 means | nsubj |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 7 » | punct |
| 3 | « | « | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 » | det |
| 4 | TONG | tong | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 » | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 shweh | punct |
| 6 | shweh | shweh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 » | compound |
| 7 | » | » | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 tóngxué | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 rising | punct |
| 9 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 rising | det |
| 10 | rising | rising | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 » | conj |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 7 » | punct |
| 12 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | classmate | classmate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 means | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 formal | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 little | det |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 more | obl |
| 17 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 formal | advmod |
| 18 | formal | formal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 classmate | amod |
| 19 | than | than | ADP | _ | 20 péngyou | case |
| 20 | péngyou | péngyou | X | Foreign=Yes | 18 formal | obl |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 friend | punct |
| 22 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 péngyou | appos |
| 23 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 22 friend | punct |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 friend | punct |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 classmate | det |
| 26 | classmate | classmate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 friend | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 friend | cop |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 friend | advmod |
| 29 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 31 friend | advmod |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 friend | det |
| 31 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 means | parataxis |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | tóngxué | classmate | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent classmate=Topic | ||||
| 2 | not is a | present | a classmate | a friend | always property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:015-school-words.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/15-school-words/9/