The four tones: same sound, different meaning, sentence 16
shí (rising) is ten, shǐ (dipping) is poo, and shì (falling) is «is» or «yes».
Who acts: shí · What happens: be · To what, where: ten, shǐ poo
This is a sentence of the lesson «The four tones: same sound, different meaning» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shí), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shí | shí | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 poo | nsubj |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 rising | punct |
| 3 | rising | rising | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 shí | appos |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 rising | punct |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ten | cop |
| 6 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 13 poo | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 poo | punct |
| 8 | shǐ | shǐ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 poo | compound |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 dipping | punct |
| 10 | dipping | dipping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shǐ | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 dipping | punct |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 poo | cop |
| 13 | poo | poo | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 shì | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shì | cc |
| 16 | shì | shì | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 poo | conj |
| 17 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 falling | punct |
| 18 | falling | falling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 shì | appos |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 18 falling | punct |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 yes | cop |
| 21 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 22 is | punct |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 yes | cop |
| 23 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 22 is | punct |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 yes | cc |
| 25 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 26 yes | punct |
| 26 | yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 13 poo | conj |
| 27 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 26 yes | punct |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 poo | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | shí not said here | ten | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | shí | shǐ poo and shì | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:002-the-four-tones.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/2-the-four-tones/16/