Today, tomorrow, now, later, sentence 1
The best one is "mǎshàng" (MAH-SHAHNG), right away, literally "on horseback": from Lín at his computer "mǎshàng!" can mean ten minutes, but from his mum with her shoes on it means NOW.
Who acts: best one, mǎshàng · What happens: be, mean · To what, where: mǎshàng, Lín · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Today, tomorrow, now, later» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (best one, mǎshàng), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 one | det |
| 2 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 one | amod |
| 3 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mǎshàng | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 mǎshàng | cop |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 mǎshàng | punct |
| 6 | mǎshàng | mǎshàng | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 mean | parataxis |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 mǎshàng | punct |
| 8 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 MAH | punct |
| 9 | MAH | MAH | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 mǎshàng | appos |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 SHAHNG | punct |
| 11 | SHAHNG | SHAHNG | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 MAH | flat |
| 12 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 MAH | punct |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 away | punct |
| 14 | right | right | ADV | _ | 15 away | advmod |
| 15 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 mǎshàng | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 literally | punct |
| 17 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 15 away | conj |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 horseback | punct |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 horseback | case |
| 20 | horseback | horseback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 away | obl |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 horseback | punct |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 Lín | punct |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 Lín | case |
| 24 | Lín | Lín | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 mean | obl |
| 25 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 computer | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 computer | nmod:poss |
| 27 | computer | computer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 Lín | nmod |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 mǎshàng | punct |
| 29 | mǎshàng | mǎshàng | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 mean | nsubj |
| 30 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 29 mǎshàng | punct |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 mǎshàng | punct |
| 32 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 mean | aux |
| 33 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 34 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 minutes | nummod |
| 35 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 mean | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 means | punct |
| 37 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 46 means | cc |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 40 mum | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 mum | nmod:poss |
| 40 | mum | mum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 means | obl |
| 41 | with | with | ADP | _ | 43 shoes | case |
| 42 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 shoes | nmod:poss |
| 43 | shoes | shoe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 mum | nmod |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 it | case |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 shoes | nmod |
| 46 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 mean | conj |
| 47 | NOW | now | ADV | _ | 46 means | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 mǎshàng | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | the best one | mǎshàng | away property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | mean | can | mǎshàng | Lín at Lín's computer | minute | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||
| 3 | mean | present | mǎshàng not said here | now | from mǎshàng's mum with MAH's shoes on computer | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:021-today-tomorrow-now-later.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/21-today-tomorrow-now-later/1/