Today, tomorrow, now, later, sentence 0
Time words are built like Lego from "tiān", day: jīntiān (now-day) is today, míngtiān (bright-day) is tomorrow, zuótiān is yesterday, and hòutiān (after-day) is the day after tomorrow — a word English doesn't even have.
Who acts: zuótiān, hòutiān, English · What happens: build, be, not have · To what, where: Time words, tiān, today, tomorrow, yesterday, day
This is a sentence of the lesson «Today, tomorrow, now, later» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (zuótiān, hòutiān, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 words | compound |
| 2 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 built | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 built | aux:pass |
| 4 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 Lego | case |
| 6 | Lego | Lego | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 built | obl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 tiān | case |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 tiān | punct |
| 9 | tiān | tiān | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | obl |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 tiān | punct |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 day | punct |
| 12 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 tiān | conj |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 day | punct |
| 14 | jīntiān | jīntiān | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 day | appos |
| 15 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 18 day | punct |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 day | advmod |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 now | punct |
| 18 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 jīntiān | appos |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 18 day | punct |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 today | cop |
| 21 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 míngtiān | punct |
| 23 | míngtiān | míngtiān | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 today | conj |
| 24 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 day | punct |
| 25 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 day | amod |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 bright | punct |
| 27 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 míngtiān | appos |
| 28 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 day | punct |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 tomorrow | cop |
| 30 | tomorrow | tomorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | parataxis |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 yesterday | punct |
| 32 | zuótiān | zuótiān | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 yesterday | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 yesterday | cop |
| 34 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | parataxis |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 hòutiān | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 hòutiān | cc |
| 37 | hòutiān | hòutiān | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 day | nsubj |
| 38 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 41 day | punct |
| 39 | after | after | ADP | _ | 41 day | case |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 after | punct |
| 41 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 hòutiān | appos |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 41 day | punct |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 day | cop |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 day | det |
| 45 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 built | parataxis |
| 46 | after | after | ADP | _ | 47 tomorrow | case |
| 47 | tomorrow | tomorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 day | nmod |
| 48 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 50 word | punct |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 word | det |
| 50 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 day | appos |
| 51 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 have | nsubj |
| 52 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 have | aux |
| 53 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 55 have | advmod |
| 54 | even | even | ADV | _ | 55 have | advmod |
| 55 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 word | acl:relcl |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 built | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | build | present · passive | Time words | tiān and day | like Lego | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from tiān=Material | |||
| 2 | is a | present | today and míngtiān | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a | present | tomorrow | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | zuótiān | yesterday | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | hòutiān | the day | tomorrow | tree rules | |||
| 6 | not have | present · do-support | English | a word not said here | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:021-today-tomorrow-now-later.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/21-today-tomorrow-now-later/0/