Olympiad: measure words and characters as pictures ★★★, sentence 2
Some characters began as drawings: 人 is a person walking, 山 is a mountain with three peaks, 木 is a tree with its branches and roots, and 日 was once a round sun.
Who acts: characters, 人, person, 山, 木, 日 · What happens: begin, be, walking · To what, where: person, mountain, tree, round sun.
This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: measure words and characters as pictures ★★★» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (characters, 人, person, 山), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 characters | det |
| 2 | characters | character | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 5 drawings | case |
| 5 | drawings | drawing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 began | obl |
| 6 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 mountain | punct |
| 7 | 人 | 人 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 person | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 person | cop |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 person | det |
| 10 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 began | parataxis |
| 11 | walking | walking | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 person | acl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 mountain | punct |
| 13 | 山 | 山 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 mountain | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 mountain | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 mountain | det |
| 16 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 began | parataxis |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 peaks | case |
| 18 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 19 peaks | nummod |
| 19 | peaks | peak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 mountain | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 tree | punct |
| 21 | 木 | 木 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 tree | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 tree | cop |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 tree | det |
| 24 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 began | parataxis |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 branches | case |
| 26 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 branches | nmod:poss |
| 27 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 tree | nmod |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 roots | cc |
| 29 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 branches | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 sun. | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 sun. | cc |
| 32 | 日 | 日 | NOUN | _ | 37 sun. | nsubj |
| 33 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 sun. | cop |
| 34 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 37 sun. | advmod |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 sun. | det |
| 36 | round | round | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 sun. | amod |
| 37 | sun. | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 began | conj |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | some characters | as drawings | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | 人 | a person | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | walking | gerund | a person not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | 山 | a mountain | with three peaks | tree rules | |||
| 5 | is a | present | 木 | a tree | with 木's branches and roots | tree rules | |||
| 6 | is a | past | 日 | a round sun. | once property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:032-olympiad-measure-words-and-picture-characters.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/32-olympiad-measure-words-and-picture-characters/2/