Family: mum, dad, brothers and sisters, sentence 15
dúshēngzǐ («DOO?-shung-dz») is an only child (for a girl dúshēngnǚ); it is not sad or strange, and many parents who grew up in China are only children themselves.
Who acts: dúshēngzǐ, dúshēngnǚ, many parents · What happens: be, not be, grow up · To what, where: only child, China
This is a sentence of the lesson «Family: mum, dad, brothers and sisters» of the chinese street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dúshēngzǐ, dúshēngnǚ, many parents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dúshēngzǐ | dúshēngzǐ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 child | nsubj |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 4 DOO | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 DOO | punct |
| 4 | DOO | doo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 dúshēngzǐ | appos |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 dúshēngzǐ | punct |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 shung | punct |
| 7 | shung | shung | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 DOO | flat |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 dz | punct |
| 9 | dz | dz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shung | flat |
| 10 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 1 dúshēngzǐ | punct |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 1 dúshēngzǐ | punct |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 child | cop |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 child | det |
| 14 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 child | amod |
| 15 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 16 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 dúshēngnǚ | punct |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 dúshēngnǚ | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 dúshēngnǚ | det |
| 19 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 dúshēngnǚ | compound |
| 20 | dúshēngnǚ | dúshēngnǚ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 child | appos |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 20 dúshēngnǚ | punct |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 sad | punct |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 sad | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 sad | cop |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 sad | advmod |
| 26 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 child | parataxis |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 strange | cc |
| 28 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 sad | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 children | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 parents | cc |
| 31 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 parents | amod |
| 32 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 children | nsubj |
| 33 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 grew | nsubj |
| 34 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 parents | acl:relcl |
| 35 | up | up | ADP | _ | 34 grew | compound:prt |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 children | case |
| 37 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 grew | obl |
| 38 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 children | cop |
| 39 | only | only | ADV | _ | 40 children | advmod |
| 40 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 child | conj |
| 41 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 40 children | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 child | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | dúshēngzǐ | a only child and children | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not is | present | dúshēngnǚ | sad property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | dúshēngnǚ not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | grow up | past | many parents | China | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | many parents | in children; parents = parent nmod | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chinese-street:009-family-mum-dad-brothers-sisters.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chinese-street/9-family-mum-dad-brothers-sisters/15/