How to learn spellings that stick, sentence 12

Even keen readers can be weak spellers, because reading skims words without studying every letter; they need to pick a few words and look closely.

Who acts: keen readers, readers · What happens: be, read, skim, study, need, pick · To what, where: weak spellers, words, letter, few words

This is a sentence of the lesson «How to learn spellings that stick» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (keen readers, readers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Even	even	ADV	_	3 readers	advmod
2	keen	keen	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 readers	amod
3	readers	reader	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spellers	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 spellers	aux
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 spellers	cop
6	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 spellers	amod
7	spellers	speller	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spellers	punct
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 skims	mark
10	reading	read	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 skims	nsubj
11	skims	skim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 spellers	advcl
12	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 skims	obj
13	without	without	SCONJ	_	14 studying	mark
14	studying	study	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 skims	advcl
15	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	16 letter	det
16	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 studying	obj
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 need	punct
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 need	nsubj
19	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 skims	conj
20	to	to	PART	_	21 pick	mark
21	pick	pick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 need	xcomp
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 words	det
23	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 words	amod
24	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 pick	obj
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 look	cc
26	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	21 pick	conj
27	closely	closely	ADV	_	26 look	advmod
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 spellers	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	can	keen readers	weak spellers		tree rules
2	read	gerund				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	skim	present		words		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent word=Source
4	study	gerund		every letter		vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Topic
5	need	present	readers = reader			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
6	pick not said to happen	to-infinitive	readers = reader not said here	a few words		vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient
7	look	infinitive	readers = reader not said here		closely property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:015-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/15-how-to-learn-spellings-that-stick/12/