Tense consistency and verb forms, sentence 14
In some Northern English dialects "were" is used with every person ("I were", "she were"); Standard English uses "I was" and "she was".
Who acts: Time words, person, Standard English, English · What happens: use, be · To what, where: English dialects · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tense consistency and verb forms» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Time words, person, Standard English, English), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 5 dialects | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 dialects | det |
| 3 | Northern | northern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 English | amod |
| 4 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 dialects | compound |
| 5 | dialects | dialect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 used | obl |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 were | punct |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 used | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 were | punct |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 used | aux:pass |
| 10 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 person | case |
| 12 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 person | det |
| 13 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 used | obl |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 were | punct |
| 15 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 were | punct |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 were | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 used | parataxis |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 were | punct |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 were | punct |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 were | punct |
| 21 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 were | nsubj |
| 22 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 were | conj |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 were | punct |
| 24 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 17 were | punct |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 uses | punct |
| 26 | Standard | Standard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 English | compound |
| 27 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 uses | nsubj |
| 28 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 used | parataxis |
| 29 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 was | punct |
| 30 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 was | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 uses | ccomp |
| 32 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 was | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 was | cc |
| 34 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 was | punct |
| 35 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 was | nsubj |
| 36 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 was | conj |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 was | punct |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 used | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | present · passive | some English dialects | with every person | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | be in a quote | past | Time words such yesterday = word | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | be in a quote | past | person | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | use | present | Standard English | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | be in a quote | past | Time words such yesterday = word | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | be in a quote | past | English | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:031-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×8, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/31-tense-consistency-and-verb-forms/14/