Active and passive voice, modal verbs, sentence 17
"Can I?" asks if you are able or allowed; "May I?" asks permission more politely and formally.
Who acts: I, you, permission · What happens: ask, be, allow
This is a sentence of the lesson «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, permission), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 asks | punct |
| 2 | Can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 asks | aux |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 asks | nsubj |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 I | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 I | punct |
| 6 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 10 able | mark |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 10 able | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 able | cop |
| 10 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 asks | ccomp |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 allowed | cc |
| 12 | allowed | allow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 able | conj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 asks | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 May | punct |
| 15 | May | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 asks | aux |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 May | appos |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 15 May | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 May | punct |
| 19 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 asks | conj |
| 20 | permission | permission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 asks | obj |
| 21 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 22 politely | advmod |
| 22 | politely | politely | ADV | _ | 19 asks | advmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 formally | cc |
| 24 | formally | formally | ADV | _ | 22 politely | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 asks | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed form=decl, act=assert, voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | can | I | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is a condition, not said to happen | present | you | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | allow | participle | you not said here | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer | |||||
| 4 | ask speech: ask | may | permission | politely property | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:032-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/17/