Active and passive voice, modal verbs, sentence 4

Dialects have their own forms: Irish English "The window got broke" and Scots "Ye cannae dae that" ("cannae" is can't, "dae" is do) are real grammar of real places; in formal writing they become "The window was broken" and "You can't do that".

Who acts: Dialects, window, You · What happens: have, get, be, become, not do, form · To what, where: own forms, Irish English, do, real grammar, formal writing, that · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dialects, window, You), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dialects	dialect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 forms	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 forms	amod
5	forms	form	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 English	punct
7	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 English	amod
8	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 forms	appos
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 got	punct
10	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 window	det
11	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 got	nsubj
12	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 English	acl:relcl
13	broke	broke	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 got	xcomp
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 broke	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 Scots	cc
16	Scots	Scot	PROPN	Number=Plur	8 English	conj
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 cannae	punct
18	Ye	ye	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 cannae	amod
19	cannae	cannae	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 English	nmod
20	dae	dae	X	Foreign=Yes	19 cannae	dep
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	28 ca	mark
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 cannae	punct
23	(	(	PUNCT	_	25 cannae	punct
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 cannae	punct
25	cannae	cannae	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 ca	obl
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 cannae	punct
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 ca	cop
28	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	35 do	advcl
29	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	28 ca	advmod
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 ca	punct
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	32 dae	punct
32	dae	dae	X	Foreign=Yes	28 ca	dep
33	"	"	PUNCT	_	32 dae	punct
34	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 do	cop
35	do	do	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 forms	conj
36	)	)	PUNCT	_	35 do	punct
37	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 grammar	cop
38	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 grammar	amod
39	grammar	grammar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	conj
40	of	of	ADP	_	42 places	case
41	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 places	amod
42	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 grammar	nmod
43	;	;	PUNCT	_	48 become	punct
44	in	in	ADP	_	46 writing	case
45	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 writing	amod
46	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 become	obl
47	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	48 become	nsubj
48	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
49	"	"	PUNCT	_	53 broken	punct
50	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	51 window	det
51	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 broken	nsubj
52	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	53 broken	cop
53	broken	broken	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 become	ccomp
54	"	"	PUNCT	_	53 broken	punct
55	and	and	CCONJ	_	60 do	cc
56	"	"	PUNCT	_	60 do	punct
57	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	60 do	nsubj
58	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	60 do	aux
59	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	60 do	advmod
60	do	do	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	53 broken	parataxis
61	that	that	PRON	PronType=Dem	60 do	obj
62	"	"	PUNCT	_	60 do	punct
63	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Dialects	Dialects's own forms and do		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient
2	get in a quote	past	the window	Irish English Ye cannae and Scots not said here	broke property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer english=Stimulus
3	is a	present	Dialects not said here	do		tree rules
4	is a	present	Dialects not said here	real grammar	of real places	tree rules
5	become	present	Dialects = dialect		in formal writing result	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in writing=Result
6	is in a quote	past	the window		broken property	tree rules
7	not do in a quote	can	You	that		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality
8	form		Dialects = dialect			nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:032-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/4/