Active and passive voice, modal verbs, sentence 9
In a passive sentence the doer can be added with "by ..." or left out completely: "The window was broken."
What happens: add, leave out, break · To what, where: doer, passive sentence, window · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Active and passive voice, modal verbs» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 sentence | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 sentence | det |
| 3 | passive | passive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sentence | amod |
| 4 | sentence | sentence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 added | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 doer | det |
| 6 | doer | doer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 added | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 added | aux |
| 8 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 added | aux:pass |
| 9 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 added | obl |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 by | punct |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 " | case |
| 13 | ... | ... | PUNCT | _ | 12 by | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 left | cc |
| 16 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 added | conj |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 left | compound:prt |
| 18 | completely | completely | ADV | _ | 16 left | advmod |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 broken | punct |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 broken | punct |
| 21 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 window | det |
| 22 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 broken | aux:pass |
| 24 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 added | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
| 26 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 added | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | add speech: assert | can · passive | the doer | a passive sentence | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | leave out | participle | completely property | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | break in a quote | past · passive | the window | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:032-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/32-active-and-passive-voice-modal-verbs/9/