Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens, sentence 3
A semicolon is a bridge between two full sentences that belong together ("It rained; we stayed in"), and it can also sort a long list whose items already contain commas.
Who acts: semicolon, two full sentences, It, we, items · What happens: be, belong, rain, stay in, sort, contain · To what, where: bridge, long list, commas · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Brackets, dashes, colons, semicolons and hyphens» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (semicolon, two full sentences, It, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 semicolon | det |
| 2 | semicolon | semicolon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bridge | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 bridge | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 bridge | det |
| 5 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | between | between | ADP | _ | 9 sentences | case |
| 7 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 sentences | nummod |
| 8 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 sentences | amod |
| 9 | sentences | sentence | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 bridge | nmod |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 belong | nsubj |
| 11 | belong | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 sentences | acl:relcl |
| 12 | together | together | ADV | _ | 11 belong | advmod |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 rained | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 rained | punct |
| 15 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 rained | nsubj |
| 16 | rained | rain | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 stayed | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 stayed | punct |
| 18 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 stayed | nsubj |
| 19 | stayed | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 bridge | parataxis |
| 20 | in | in | ADV | _ | 19 stayed | advmod |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 stayed | punct |
| 22 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 19 stayed | punct |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 sort | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 sort | cc |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 sort | nsubj |
| 26 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 sort | aux |
| 27 | also | also | ADV | _ | 28 sort | advmod |
| 28 | sort | sort | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 stayed | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 list | det |
| 30 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 list | amod |
| 31 | list | list | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sort | obj |
| 32 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 33 items | nmod:poss |
| 33 | items | item | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 contain | nsubj |
| 34 | already | already | ADV | _ | 35 contain | advmod |
| 35 | contain | contain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 list | acl:relcl |
| 36 | commas | comma | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 contain | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 bridge | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a semicolon | a bridge | between two full sentences | tree rules | |||
| 2 | belong | present | two full sentences | together property | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | rain in a quote | past | It | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | |||||
| 4 | stay in in a quote | past | we | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | sort | can | semicolon | a long list | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent list=Theme | ||||
| 6 | contain | present | items | commas | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot comma=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:036-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/36-brackets-dashes-colons-semicolons-and-hyphens/3/