Describing: senses, showing and precise words, sentence 5

Characters can describe things in their own voice: a Glasgow girl saying "It's pure dreich oot the day" ("pure" means very, "dreich" means grey, wet and gloomy, "oot the day" means out today) gives us both the weather and the speaker at once.

Who acts: Characters, Glasgow girl, quiet, day, dreich, oot day · What happens: describe, say, be, mean, mean out, give · To what, where: things, own voice, dreich oot, weather, us · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Describing: senses, showing and precise words» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Characters, Glasgow girl, quiet, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Characters	character	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 describe	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 describe	aux
3	describe	describe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 describe	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 voice	case
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 voice	nmod:poss
7	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 voice	amod
8	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 describe	obl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 girl	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 girl	det
11	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 girl	compound
12	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 gives	nsubj
13	saying	say	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 girl	acl
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 oot	punct
15	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 oot	nsubj
16	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 oot	cop
17	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 dreich	amod
18	dreich	dreich	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 oot	amod
19	oot	oot	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 saying	ccomp
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 day	det
21	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 means	nsubj
22	"	"	PUNCT	_	27 means	punct
23	(	(	PUNCT	_	27 means	punct
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 pure	punct
25	pure	pure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 means	nsubj
26	"	"	PUNCT	_	25 pure	punct
27	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 oot	advcl
28	very	very	ADV	_	31 dreich	advmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 very	punct
30	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 dreich	punct
31	dreich	dreich	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 means	nsubj
32	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 dreich	punct
33	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 means	ccomp
34	grey	grey	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 means	xcomp
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 wet	punct
36	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 grey	conj
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 gloomy	cc
38	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 grey	conj
39	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 grey	punct
40	"	"	PUNCT	_	34 grey	punct
41	oot	oot	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 day	compound
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 day	det
43	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 means	nsubj
44	"	"	PUNCT	_	43 day	punct
45	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 means	ccomp
46	out	out	ADP	_	45 means	compound:prt
47	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 means	obl
48	)	)	PUNCT	_	47 today	punct
49	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 describe	parataxis
50	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	49 gives	iobj
51	both	both	CCONJ	_	53 weather	cc:preconj
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 weather	det
53	weather	weather	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 gives	obj
54	and	and	CCONJ	_	56 speaker	cc
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	56 speaker	det
56	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	53 weather	conj
57	at	at	ADP	_	58 once	case
58	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	49 gives	obl
59	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 describe	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	describe	can	Characters	things		Characters's own voice			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent thing=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	a Glasgow girl not said here						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a in a quote	present	quiet	dreich oot					tree rules
4	mean	present	the day						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
5	mean	present	dreich					grey property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	mean out	present	the oot day				today		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
7	give	present	a Glasgow girl	the weather and the speaker	us				vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent we=Recipient weather=Theme at once=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:041-describing-senses-showing-and-precise-words.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/41-describing-senses-showing-and-precise-words/5/