Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, sentence 11
Tennyson's poem "The Eagle" (public domain) says "He clasps the crag with crooked hands": alliteration of the hard c sound, and personification, since an eagle has talons, not hands.
Who acts: poem, eagle, hard c sound · What happens: say, clasp, have, alliterate · To what, where: crag, talons · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Poetry: simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poem, eagle, hard c sound), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tennyson | Tennyson | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 poem | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Tennyson | case |
| 3 | poem | poem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 says | nsubj |
| 4 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Eagle | punct |
| 5 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Eagle | det |
| 6 | Eagle | Eagle | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 poem | appos |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 Eagle | punct |
| 8 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 domain | punct |
| 9 | public | public | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 domain | amod |
| 10 | domain | domain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 poem | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 domain | punct |
| 12 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 clasps | punct |
| 14 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 clasps | nsubj |
| 15 | clasps | clasp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 says | ccomp |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 crag | det |
| 17 | crag | crag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 clasps | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 hands | case |
| 19 | crooked | crooked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 hands | amod |
| 20 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 crag | nmod |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 clasps | punct |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 alliteration | punct |
| 23 | alliteration | alliteration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 clasps | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 sound | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sound | det |
| 26 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 sound | amod |
| 27 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sound | compound |
| 28 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 alliteration | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 personification | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 personification | cc |
| 31 | personification | personification | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 alliteration | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 has | punct |
| 33 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 36 has | mark |
| 34 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 eagle | det |
| 35 | eagle | eagle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 has | nsubj |
| 36 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 personification | advcl |
| 37 | talons | talon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 has | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 hands | punct |
| 39 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 40 hands | advmod |
| 40 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 talons | conj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 says | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed voice=narrator
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Tennyson's poem | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | clasp in a quote | present | poem | the crag | with crooked hands; alliteration of the hard c sound and personification obl | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent crag=Patient with hand=Instrument | |||
| 3 | have | present | a eagle | talons and hands | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent talon=Patient | ||||
| 4 | alliterate | the hard c sound | nom alliteration «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:046-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/46-poetry-simile-metaphor-personification-alliteration/11/