Debating and discussion, sentence 4
Picture Liam in Leeds muttering "Nah, that's mardy" ("mardy" means grumpy or sulky) about the other side: the teacher asks him to explain why he disagrees, because a reason can persuade and a grumble cannot.
Who acts: you, that, mardy, teacher, reason · What happens: picture, muttering, be, mean, ask, explain · To what, where: Liam, Leeds, mardy · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Debating and discussion» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, that, mardy, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Picture | picture | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | Liam | Liam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Picture | obj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Leeds | case |
| 4 | Leeds | Leeds | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Liam | nmod |
| 5 | muttering | muttering | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Picture | advcl |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 mardy | punct |
| 7 | Nah | Nah | INTJ | Number=Sing | 11 mardy | discourse |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 mardy | punct |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 mardy | nsubj |
| 10 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 mardy | cop |
| 11 | mardy | mardy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 muttering | ccomp |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 mardy | punct |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 17 means | punct |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 mardy | punct |
| 15 | mardy | mardy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 means | nsubj |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 mardy | punct |
| 17 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 mardy | parataxis |
| 18 | grumpy | grumpy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 means | xcomp |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 sulky | cc |
| 20 | sulky | sulky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 grumpy | conj |
| 21 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 18 grumpy | punct |
| 22 | about | about | ADP | _ | 25 side | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 side | det |
| 24 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 side | amod |
| 25 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 grumpy | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 asks | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 teacher | det |
| 28 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 asks | nsubj |
| 29 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Picture | parataxis |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 asks | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 explain | mark |
| 32 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 asks | xcomp |
| 33 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 35 disagrees | advmod |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 disagrees | nsubj |
| 35 | disagrees | disagree | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 explain | ccomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 persuade | punct |
| 37 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 41 persuade | mark |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 reason | det |
| 39 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 persuade | nsubj |
| 40 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 persuade | aux |
| 41 | persuade | persuade | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 asks | advcl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 can | cc |
| 43 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 44 grumble | det |
| 44 | grumble | grumble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 can | nsubj |
| 45 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 persuade | conj |
| 46 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 45 can | advmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Picture | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | picture | imperative | you not said here | Liam | Leeds | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent liam=Theme | |||
| 2 | muttering | gerund | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | that | mardy | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | mean | present | mardy | grumpy property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | ask speech: ask | present | the teacher | mardy | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 6 | explain speech: assert not said to happen | to-infinitive | the teacher not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | disagree | present | teacher | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | persuade | can | a reason | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:049-debating-and-discussion.lesson:4.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/49-debating-and-discussion/4/