Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 16
Each letter has a correct starting point and direction; most small letters start at the top.
Who acts: letter, most small letters · What happens: have, start · To what, where: correct starting point, top
This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (letter, most small letters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 letter | det |
| 2 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 point | det |
| 5 | correct | correct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 point | amod |
| 6 | starting | starting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 point | compound |
| 7 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 direction | cc |
| 9 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 point | conj |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 start | punct |
| 11 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 letters | amod |
| 12 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 letters | amod |
| 13 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 start | nsubj |
| 14 | start | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 top | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 top | det |
| 17 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 start | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | each letter | a correct starting point and direction | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Patient | ||||
| 2 | start | present | most small letters | the top | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:16.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/16/