Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 4

Isla starts her «d» at the bottom and pushes up; her teacher says «start at the top».

Who acts: Isla, teacher · What happens: start, push up, say · To what, where: d, bottom, top · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Isla, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Isla	Isla	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 d	nmod:poss
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 d	punct
5	d	d	X	_	2 starts	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 d	punct
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 bottom	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bottom	det
9	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 starts	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 pushes	cc
11	pushes	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 starts	conj
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 pushes	compound:prt
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 says	punct
14	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 teacher	nmod:poss
15	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 says	nsubj
16	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 starts	parataxis
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	18 start	punct
18	start	start	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 says	ccomp
19	at	at	ADP	_	21 top	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 top	det
21	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 start	obl
22	»	»	PUNCT	_	18 start	punct
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 starts	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=narrate

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	start	present	Isla	Isla's d	the bottom	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent d=Eventuality
2	push up	present	Isla not said here			vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	present	Isla's teacher			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	start in a quote	infinitive			the top	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/4/