Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up, sentence 8

Small ones like a, c, e sit between the lines; tall ones like b, d, h reach up (ascenders); tails like g, p, y hang below the line (descenders).

Who acts: e, h, y · What happens: sit, reach up, hang · To what, where: lines, tails, line

This is a sentence of the lesson «Handwriting: holding the pencil and joining up» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (e, h, y), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 ones	amod
2	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	like	like	ADP	_	6 c	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 c	det
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 c	punct
6	c	c	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ones	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 sit	punct
8	e	e	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sit	nsubj
9	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 ones	parataxis
10	between	between	ADP	_	12 lines	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 lines	det
12	lines	line	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 sit	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 ones	punct
14	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 ones	amod
15	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ones	conj
16	like	like	ADP	_	17 b	case
17	b	B	NOUN	Abbr=Yes Number=Sing	15 ones	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 d	punct
19	d	D	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 b	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 reach	punct
21	h	H	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 reach	nsubj
22	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 ones	parataxis
23	up	up	ADP	_	22 reach	compound:prt
24	(	(	PUNCT	_	25 ascenders	punct
25	ascenders	ascender	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 reach	parataxis
26	)	)	PUNCT	_	25 ascenders	punct
27	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 tails	punct
28	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ones	conj
29	like	like	ADP	_	30 g	case
30	g	G	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 tails	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 p	punct
32	p	p	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 g	conj
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 hang	punct
34	y	y	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 hang	nsubj
35	hang	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 tails	acl
36	below	below	ADP	_	38 line	case
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 line	det
38	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 hang	obl
39	(	(	PUNCT	_	40 descenders	punct
40	descenders	descender	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 tails	appos
41	)	)	PUNCT	_	40 descenders	punct
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ones	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	sit	present	e		the lines	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent between line=Location
2	reach up	infinitive	h			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hang	present	y	tails like g and p not said here	the line	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tail=Theme below line=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:005-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/5-handwriting-holding-the-pencil-and-joining-up/8/