Olympiad: real languages and codes, sentence 11

In Esperanto, mal- makes the opposite (granda big, malgranda small; varma warm, malvarma cold), and -j makes plurals, on describing words too: bela kato, belaj katoj (beautiful cats).

Who acts: mal, j · What happens: make, describe · To what, where: opposite, Esperanto, plurals, words

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: real languages and codes» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mal, j), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Esperanto	case
2	Esperanto	Esperanto	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 makes	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Esperanto	punct
4	mal	mal	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	nsubj
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 mal	punct
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 opposite	det
8	opposite	opposite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 makes	obj
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 granda	punct
10	granda	granda	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 makes	xcomp
11	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 granda	amod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 malgranda	punct
13	malgranda	malgranda	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 granda	conj
14	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 malgranda	amod
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 warm	punct
16	varma	varma	X	Foreign=Yes	17 warm	nsubj
17	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 granda	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 malvarma	punct
19	malvarma	malvarma	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 granda	conj
20	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 makes	xcomp
21	)	)	PUNCT	_	6 makes	punct
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 makes	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 makes	cc
24	-	-	PUNCT	_	25 j	punct
25	j	J	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 makes	nsubj
26	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 makes	conj
27	plurals	plural	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 makes	obj
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 describing	punct
29	on	on	SCONJ	_	30 describing	mark
30	describing	describe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 makes	advcl
31	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 describing	obj
32	too	too	ADV	_	30 describing	advmod
33	:	:	PUNCT	_	30 describing	punct
34	bela	bela	NOUN	Abbr=Yes Number=Plur	30 describing	obj
35	kato	kato	X	Foreign=Yes	34 bela	flat
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 belaj	punct
37	belaj	belaj	X	Foreign=Yes	30 describing	parataxis
38	katoj	katoj	X	Foreign=Yes	30 describing	parataxis
39	(	(	PUNCT	_	41 cats	punct
40	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	41 cats	amod
41	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 makes	obl
42	)	)	PUNCT	_	41 cats	punct
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 makes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	present	mal	the opposite	Esperanto	cold property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset opposite=Product
2	make	present	j	plurals		beautiful cats obl	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product
3	describe	gerund	j not said here	words			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:059-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/59-olympiad-real-languages-and-codes/11/