Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones, sentence 22
Some -o words add -es (potatoes, tomatoes, heroes, echoes) and others add -s (pianos, photos, zoos).
Who acts: o words · What happens: add · To what, where: es, -s
This is a sentence of the lesson «Spelling plurals: -s, -es, -ies, -ves and odd ones» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (o words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 words | det |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Some | punct |
| 3 | o | o | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 words | compound |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 add | nsubj |
| 5 | add | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 es | punct |
| 7 | es | e | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 add | obj |
| 8 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 potatoes | punct |
| 9 | potatoes | potato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 es | appos |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 tomatoes | punct |
| 11 | tomatoes | tomato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 potatoes | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 heroes | punct |
| 13 | heroes | hero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 potatoes | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 echoes | punct |
| 15 | echoes | echo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 potatoes | conj |
| 16 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 potatoes | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 others | cc |
| 18 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 words | conj |
| 19 | add | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 add | conj |
| 20 | -s | - | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 add | obj |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 22 pianos | punct |
| 22 | pianos | piano | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 -s | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 photos | punct |
| 24 | photos | photo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 -s | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 zoos | punct |
| 26 | zoos | zoo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 -s | conj |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 26 zoos | punct |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 add | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | add speech: assert | present | some o words and others | es | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent e=Patient | ||||
| 2 | add speech: assert | present | some o words and others not said here | -s and pianos and photos and zoos | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent -=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:006-spelling-plurals.lesson:22.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/6-spelling-plurals/22/