Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 11

The past ending is always spelled -ed, even though it sounds like /t/ in «jumped», /d/ in «played» and /id/ in «wanted».

Who acts: ending, t, d · What happens: spell, sound, jump, play, want · To what, where: past ending, id, « · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ending, t, d), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 ending	det
2	past	past	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ending	amod
3	ending	ending	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spelled	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 spelled	aux:pass
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 spelled	advmod
6	spelled	spell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 ed	punct
8	ed	ed	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spelled	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 sounds	punct
10	even	even	ADV	_	13 sounds	advmod
11	though	though	SCONJ	_	13 sounds	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 sounds	nsubj
13	sounds	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 spelled	advcl
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 t	case
15	/	/	PUNCT	_	14 like	punct
16	t	t	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sounds	obl
17	/	/	SYM	_	20 jumped	punct
18	in	in	SCONJ	_	20 jumped	mark
19	«	«	PUNCT	_	20 jumped	punct
20	jumped	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 t	acl:relcl
21	»	»	PUNCT	_	20 jumped	punct
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 played	punct
23	/	/	SYM	_	24 d	punct
24	d	d	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 played	nsubj
25	/	/	SYM	_	24 d	punct
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 «	case
27	«	«	PUNCT	_	28 played	punct
28	played	play	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 spelled	parataxis
29	»	»	PUNCT	_	28 played	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 wanted	cc
31	/	/	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	32 id	punct
32	id	id	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 wanted	obl
33	/	/	PUNCT	_	32 id	punct
34	in	in	ADP	_	35 «	case
35	«	«	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 wanted	obl
36	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 played	conj
37	»	»	PUNCT	_	36 wanted	punct
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 spelled	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	spell	present · passive		the past ending		always property	tree rules
2	sound	present	ending			like t	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	jump in a quote	past	t not said here				vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	play in a quote	past	d				vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	want in a quote	past	d not said here	id	«		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/11/