Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e, sentence 9
When the beat falls earlier there is no doubling: GAR-den, gardening; VIS-it, visited.
Who acts: beat, doubling, GAR den · What happens: fall, be, garden, visit · To what, where: VIS
This is a sentence of the lesson «Adding -ed and -ing: doubling and dropping e» of the english course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beat, doubling, GAR den), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 falls | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beat | det |
| 3 | beat | beat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 falls | nsubj |
| 4 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 is | advcl |
| 5 | earlier | early | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 falls | advmod |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 is | expl |
| 7 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 doubling | det |
| 9 | doubling | doubling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 is | nsubj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 den | punct |
| 11 | GAR | gar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 den | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 GAR | punct |
| 13 | den | den | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 doubling | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 gardening | punct |
| 15 | gardening | garden | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 den | acl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 VIS | punct |
| 17 | VIS | VIS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 gardening | obj |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 it | punct |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 visited | nsubj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 it | punct |
| 21 | visited | visit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 is | parataxis |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 is | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | present | the beat | early property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | be | present | no doubling | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | garden | gerund | GAR den not said here | VIS | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | visit | past | beat | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:english:007-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/english/7-adding-ed-and-ing-doubling-and-dropping-e/9/