Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate, sentence 0
People often feel awkward talking about drinking too much alcohol or taking drugs, so they use soft or funny words instead: a famous person's office may say they are in hospital with "exhaustion" when the real trouble was drink or drugs.
Who acts: People, office, real trouble · What happens: feel, talk, drink, take, use, say · To what, where: much alcohol, drugs, soft words, hospital, drink · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, office, real trouble), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | People | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 feel | nsubj |
| 2 | often | often | ADV | _ | 3 feel | advmod |
| 3 | feel | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | awkward | awkward | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 feel | xcomp |
| 5 | talking | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 feel | advcl |
| 6 | about | about | SCONJ | _ | 7 drinking | mark |
| 7 | drinking | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 talking | advcl |
| 8 | too | too | ADV | _ | 9 much | advmod |
| 9 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 alcohol | amod |
| 10 | alcohol | alcohol | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 drinking | obj |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 taking | cc |
| 12 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 drinking | conj |
| 13 | drugs | drug | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 taking | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 use | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 use | advmod |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 use | nsubj |
| 17 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 feel | parataxis |
| 18 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 words | amod |
| 19 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 funny | cc |
| 20 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 soft | conj |
| 21 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 use | obj |
| 22 | instead | instead | ADV | _ | 17 use | advmod |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 office | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 person | det |
| 25 | famous | famous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 person | amod |
| 26 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 office | nmod:poss |
| 27 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 26 person | case |
| 28 | office | office | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 say | nsubj |
| 29 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 say | aux |
| 30 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 17 use | parataxis |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 hospital | nsubj |
| 32 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 hospital | cop |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 hospital | case |
| 34 | hospital | hospital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 say | ccomp |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 exhaustion | case |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 exhaustion | punct |
| 37 | exhaustion | exhaustion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hospital | nmod |
| 38 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 exhaustion | punct |
| 39 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 44 drink | advmod |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 trouble | det |
| 41 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 trouble | amod |
| 42 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 drink | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 drink | cop |
| 44 | drink | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 say | ccomp |
| 45 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 46 drugs | cc |
| 46 | drugs | drug | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 drink | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 feel | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | present | People | awkward, often property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | talk | gerund | People not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | drink | gerund | People not said here | much alcohol | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient | ||||
| 4 | take | gerund | People not said here | drugs | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drug=Theme | ||||
| 5 | use | present | People | soft words | instead property | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | |||
| 6 | say speech: assert | may | a famous person's office | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | People | hospital | with exhaustion | tree rules | |||
| 8 | is a | past | the real trouble | drink or drugs | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/0/