Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate, sentence 1
Some of these words are kind (they protect a person who is ill with addiction), some hide the truth, and some are jokes that make heavy drinking sound like harmless fun.
Who acts: Some, words, person, jokes, heavy drinking · What happens: be, protect, hide, make, sound · To what, where: person, truth, jokes, heavy drinking
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: drinking and drugs and religion and fate» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, words, person, jokes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 kind | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 words | case |
| 3 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 words | det |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Some | nmod |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 kind | cop |
| 6 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 protect | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 protect | nsubj |
| 9 | protect | protect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 kind | advcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 person | det |
| 11 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 protect | obj |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 ill | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 ill | cop |
| 14 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 person | acl:relcl |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 addiction | case |
| 16 | addiction | addiction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 ill | obl |
| 17 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 protect | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 hide | punct |
| 19 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 hide | nsubj |
| 20 | hide | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 kind | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 truth | det |
| 22 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hide | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 jokes | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 jokes | cc |
| 25 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 27 jokes | nsubj |
| 26 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 jokes | cop |
| 27 | jokes | joke | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 hide | conj |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 make | nsubj |
| 29 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 jokes | acl:relcl |
| 30 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 drinking | amod |
| 31 | drinking | drink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 make | obj |
| 32 | sound | sound | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 make | xcomp |
| 33 | like | like | ADP | _ | 35 fun | case |
| 34 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 fun | amod |
| 35 | fun | fun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sound | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 kind | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Some | kind property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | protect | present | words = word | a person | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Beneficiary | ||||
| 3 | is | present | a person | with addiction; ill property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hide | present | some | the truth | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent truth=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | some | jokes | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | make | present | jokes | heavy drinking | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | sound | infinitive | heavy drinking not said here | like harmless fun | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:031-drinking-drugs-religion-fate.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/31-drinking-drugs-religion-fate/1/