Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions and age and looks, sentence 17
"Of a certain age" politely means middle-aged or older, without saying the number.
Who acts: number · What happens: mean, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: the toilet and bodily functions and age and looks» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (number), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 means | punct |
| 2 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 5 age | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 age | det |
| 4 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 age | amod |
| 5 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 means | obl |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 age | punct |
| 7 | politely | politely | ADV | _ | 8 means | advmod |
| 8 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | middle | middle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 aged | amod |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 middle | punct |
| 11 | aged | aged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 means | ccomp |
| 12 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 13 older | cc |
| 13 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 11 aged | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 saying | punct |
| 15 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 16 saying | mark |
| 16 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 means | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 number | det |
| 18 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 saying | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 means | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | of a certain age | politely property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | the number | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:euphemisms:008-toilets-and-getting-older.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/8-toilets-and-getting-older/17/