Snow, ice and strong sun, sentence 12

Throw only soft snowballs at people who are playing, never at faces, cars or strangers, and never with stones or ice inside; a snowball can startle a driver into a crash.

Who acts: you, people, snowball · What happens: throw, play, startle · To what, where: soft snowballs, faces, driver, crash

This is a sentence of the lesson «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, people, snowball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Throw	throw	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	only	only	ADV	_	4 snowballs	advmod
3	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 snowballs	amod
4	snowballs	snowball	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Throw	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Throw	obl
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 playing	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 playing	aux
9	playing	play	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 people	acl:relcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 faces	punct
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	13 faces	advmod
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 faces	case
13	faces	face	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Throw	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 cars	punct
15	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 faces	conj
16	or	or	CCONJ	_	17 strangers	cc
17	strangers	stranger	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 cars	conj
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 stones	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 stones	cc
20	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	22 stones	advmod
21	with	with	ADP	_	22 stones	case
22	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 faces	conj
23	or	or	CCONJ	_	24 ice	cc
24	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 stones	conj
25	inside	inside	ADV	_	22 stones	advmod
26	;	;	PUNCT	_	30 startle	punct
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 snowball	det
28	snowball	snowball	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 startle	nsubj
29	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	30 startle	aux
30	startle	startle	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Throw	parataxis
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 driver	det
32	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 startle	obj
33	into	into	ADP	_	35 crash	case
34	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 crash	det
35	crash	crash	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 startle	obl
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Throw	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: warn
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=warn

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	throw	imperative	you not said here	soft snowballs	faces and cars or strangers and stones or ice	at people	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent snowball=Theme at people=Destination
2	play	present · progressive	people				vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	startle	can	a snowball	a driver	a crash		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus driver=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/234-snow-ice-and-sun/12/