Younger children, losing and practising, sentence 4

A girl in Vancouver teaches her three-year-old brother to throw: she uses a soft ball and stands close, and soon he is laughing and throwing it back.

Who acts: girl, member · What happens: teach, throw, use, stand, laugh, throw back · To what, where: old brother, soft ball, ball

This is a sentence of the lesson «Younger children, losing and practising» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girl, member), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 girl	det
2	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 teaches	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Vancouver	case
4	Vancouver	Vancouver	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 girl	nmod
5	teaches	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 brother	nmod:poss
7	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 year	nummod
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 three	punct
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 old	obl:unmarked
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	9 year	punct
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 brother	amod
12	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 teaches	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 throw	mark
14	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 brother	acl
15	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 uses	punct
16	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 uses	nsubj
17	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 teaches	parataxis
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 ball	det
19	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 ball	amod
20	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 uses	obj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 stands	cc
22	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 uses	conj
23	close	close	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 stands	xcomp
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 laughing	punct
25	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 laughing	cc
26	soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	29 laughing	advmod
27	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 laughing	nsubj
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 laughing	aux
29	laughing	laugh	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 teaches	conj
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 throwing	cc
31	throwing	throw	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	29 laughing	conj
32	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 throwing	obj
33	back	back	ADV	_	31 throwing	advmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 teaches	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	teach speech: other	present	a girl in Vancouver		girl's old brother		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent brother=Recipient
2	throw	to-infinitive	a girl in Vancouver not said here				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	use	present	girl	a soft ball			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Patient
4	stand	present	girl not said here			close property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	laugh	present · progressive	member			soon property	vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6	throw back	gerund	member not said here	ball			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/4/