Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, sentence 17
A boy in Texas started crossing when the "Don't Walk" sign was already flashing; a turning truck did not see him, and he was hit and badly hurt.
Who acts: boy, Walk sign, turning truck · What happens: start, cross, not walk, flash, not see, hit · To what, where: boy
This is a sentence of the lesson «Traffic lights, crossings and road signs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, Walk sign, turning truck), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 started | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Texas | case |
| 4 | Texas | Texas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 boy | nmod |
| 5 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | crossing | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 started | xcomp |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 17 flashing | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sign | det |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Walk | punct |
| 10 | Do | do | AUX | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 Walk | aux |
| 11 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 Walk | advmod |
| 12 | Walk | walk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 sign | compound |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 Walk | punct |
| 14 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 flashing | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 flashing | aux |
| 16 | already | already | ADV | _ | 17 flashing | advmod |
| 17 | flashing | flash | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 crossing | advcl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 see | punct |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 truck | det |
| 20 | turning | turning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 truck | compound |
| 21 | truck | truck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 see | nsubj |
| 22 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 see | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 see | advmod |
| 24 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 started | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 see | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 see | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 hit | cc |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 hit | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 hit | aux:pass |
| 30 | hit | hit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 see | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 hurt | cc |
| 32 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 33 hurt | advmod |
| 33 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 hit | conj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 started | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | a boy in Texas | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | cross | gerund | a boy in Texas not said here | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not walk in a quote | infinitive · do-support | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | flash | past · progressive | the Walk sign | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not see | past · do-support | a turning truck | boy | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | hit | past · passive | boy | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Theme | |||||
| 7 | hurt | participle | badly property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:267-traffic-lights-and-signs.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/17/