Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, sentence 19

Crossing against the signal is one of the main ways children are hit by cars at junctions.

Who acts: Crossing, main ways · What happens: cross, be, hit · To what, where: one, children, junctions

This is a sentence of the lesson «Traffic lights, crossings and road signs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crossing, main ways), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Crossing	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 one	csubj
2	against	against	ADP	_	4 signal	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 signal	det
4	signal	signal	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Crossing	obl
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 one	cop
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 ways	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ways	det
9	main	main	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 ways	amod
10	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 one	nmod
11	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 hit	nsubj:pass
12	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 hit	aux:pass
13	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 ways	acl:relcl
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 cars	case
15	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 hit	obl
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 junctions	case
17	junctions	junction	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 hit	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 one	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cross	gerund				against the signal	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	Crossing	one		of the main ways	tree rules
3	hit	present · passive	the main ways not said here	children	junctions	by cars	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme by car=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:267-traffic-lights-and-signs.lesson:19.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/19/