Covering up, false alarms and playing fair, sentence 11

There are honest, polite ways to say no to an invitation, like «Thanks, but I can't come», so you rarely need to invent an excuse.

Who acts: honest polite ways, you · What happens: be, say, not come, need, invent · To what, where: no, invitation, excuse · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering up, false alarms and playing fair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (honest polite ways, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 are	expl
2	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ways	amod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 honest	punct
5	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ways	amod
6	ways	way	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 are	nsubj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 say	mark
8	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 ways	acl
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 say	obj
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 invitation	case
11	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 invitation	det
12	invitation	invitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 say	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 Thanks	punct
14	like	like	ADP	_	16 Thanks	case
15	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 Thanks	punct
16	Thanks	thanks	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 are	discourse
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 come	punct
18	but	but	CCONJ	_	22 come	cc
19	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 come	nsubj
20	ca	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 come	aux
21	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 come	advmod
22	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 Thanks	conj
23	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 Thanks	punct
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 need	punct
25	so	so	ADV	_	28 need	advmod
26	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	28 need	nsubj
27	rarely	rarely	ADV	_	28 need	advmod
28	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 are	parataxis
29	to	to	PART	_	30 invent	mark
30	invent	invent	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	28 need	xcomp
31	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 excuse	det
32	excuse	excuse	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 invent	obj
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 are	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	does	present	honest polite ways			there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	to-infinitive	honest polite ways not said here	no	a invitation			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent no=Topic to invitation=Recipient
3	not come in a quote	can	honest polite ways = way					vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	need	present	you				rarely property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
5	invent not said to happen	to-infinitive	you not said here	a excuse				vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent excuse=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/11/