Covering up, false alarms and playing fair, sentence 18
A boy in Leeds told the teacher his friend had been with him when the friend had really been bullying a younger child; the bullying went on for weeks and both boys ended up in serious trouble.
Who acts: boy, friend, bullying, boys · What happens: tell, be, bully, go on, end up · To what, where: teacher, younger child, serious trouble · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering up, false alarms and playing fair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, friend, bullying, boys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | nsubj |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 Leeds | case |
| 4 | Leeds | Leeds | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 boy | nmod |
| 5 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 teacher | det |
| 7 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | iobj |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 friend | nmod:poss |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 been | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 been | aux |
| 11 | been | be | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 told | ccomp |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 friend | obl |
| 14 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 20 bullying | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 friend | det |
| 16 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bullying | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 bullying | aux |
| 18 | really | really | ADV | _ | 20 bullying | advmod |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 bullying | aux |
| 20 | bullying | bully | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 went | advcl |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 child | det |
| 22 | younger | young | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 23 child | amod |
| 23 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bullying | obj |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 bullying | punct |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 bullying | det |
| 26 | bullying | bullying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 went | nsubj |
| 27 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 told | parataxis |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 went | compound:prt |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 weeks | case |
| 30 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 went | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 ended | cc |
| 32 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 boys | det |
| 33 | boys | boy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 ended | nsubj |
| 34 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 went | conj |
| 35 | up | up | ADP | _ | 34 ended | compound:prt |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 trouble | case |
| 37 | serious | serious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 trouble | amod |
| 38 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 ended | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | a boy in Leeds | the teacher | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent teacher=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | be | past · perfect | boy's friend | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bully | past · perfect · progressive | the friend | a younger child | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | go on | past | the bullying | week | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | end up | past | both boys | in serious trouble result | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in trouble=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/18/