Copying and peeking in tests, sentence 21

Pretending to be fouled in sport is cheating with your body and can earn a yellow card; saying sorry to the other team's player helps put it right.

Who acts: Pretending, saying · What happens: pretend, foul, cheat, earn, say, help · To what, where: sport, yellow card, sorry, player, card · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Copying and peeking in tests» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pretending, saying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pretending	pretend	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 cheating	csubj
2	to	to	PART	_	4 fouled	mark
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 fouled	aux:pass
4	fouled	foul	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Pretending	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 sport	case
6	sport	sport	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fouled	obl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 cheating	aux
8	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	with	with	ADP	_	11 body	case
10	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 body	nmod:poss
11	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cheating	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 earn	cc
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 earn	aux
14	earn	earn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 cheating	conj
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 card	det
16	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 card	amod
17	card	card	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 earn	obj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 helps	punct
19	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 helps	csubj
20	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 saying	obj
21	to	to	ADP	_	26 player	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 team	det
23	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 team	amod
24	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 player	nmod:poss
25	's	's	PART	_	24 team	case
26	player	player	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 saying	obl
27	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 cheating	parataxis
28	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	27 helps	xcomp
29	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 put	obj
30	right	right	ADV	_	28 put	advmod
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 cheating	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: neg
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	pretend	gerund						tree rules
2	foul	to-infinitive · passive				sport		tree rules
3	cheat	present · progressive	Pretending				with your body	vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	earn	can	Pretending not said here	a yellow card				vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Theme
5	say speech: assert	gerund		sorry	the other team's player			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sorry=Topic to player=Recipient
6	help	present	saying					vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
7	put	infinitive	saying not said here	card			right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:340-copying-and-peeking-in-tests.lesson:21.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/340-copying-and-peeking-in-tests/21/