Jake, always in bruises, sentence 18
Worse, his little brother Ben started copying him and got into his first fight in Year 2.
Who acts: little brother, Jake · What happens: start, copy, get, fight · To what, where: Jake, first fight
This is a sentence of the lesson «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little brother, Jake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Worse | bad | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 started | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 started | punct |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 brother | nmod:poss |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 brother | amod |
| 5 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 started | nsubj |
| 6 | Ben | Ben | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 brother | appos |
| 7 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | copying | copy | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 started | xcomp |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 copying | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 got | cc |
| 11 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 started | conj |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 fight | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 fight | nmod:poss |
| 14 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 fight | amod |
| 15 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 got | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Year | case |
| 17 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 fight | nmod |
| 18 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 Year | flat |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 started | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | Jake's little brother | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | copy | gerund | Jake's little brother not said here | Jake | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 3 | get | past | Jake's little brother not said here | Jake's first fight in Year | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into fight=Destination | ||||
| 4 | fight | Jake | in Year | nom fight «act transitive»: poss=agent in=obl |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson:18.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/18/