Crossing the road, sentence 3
In the USA and Canada cars drive on the right, so the nearest cars come from your left; in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand cars drive on the left, so the nearest cars come from your right.
Who acts: USA cars, nearest cars, cars · What happens: drive, come · To what, where: right, left, UK
This is a sentence of the lesson «Crossing the road» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (USA cars, nearest cars, cars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 6 cars | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 USA | det |
| 3 | USA | USA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 cars | compound |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 Canada | cc |
| 5 | Canada | Canada | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 USA | conj |
| 6 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 drive | nsubj |
| 7 | drive | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 right | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 right | det |
| 10 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 drive | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 come | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 come | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 cars | det |
| 14 | nearest | near | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 15 cars | amod |
| 15 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 come | nsubj |
| 16 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 drive | conj |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 left | case |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 left | nmod:poss |
| 19 | left | left | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 come | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 32 drive | punct |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 UK | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 UK | det |
| 23 | UK | UK | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 drive | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Ireland | punct |
| 25 | Ireland | Ireland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 UK | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Australia | punct |
| 27 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 UK | conj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Zealand | cc |
| 29 | New | New | PROPN | _ | 30 Zealand | flat |
| 30 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Australia | conj |
| 31 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 drive | nsubj |
| 32 | drive | drive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 drive | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 left | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 left | det |
| 35 | left | left | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 drive | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 come | punct |
| 37 | so | so | ADV | _ | 41 come | advmod |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 cars | det |
| 39 | nearest | near | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 40 cars | amod |
| 40 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 come | nsubj |
| 41 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 drive | conj |
| 42 | from | from | ADP | _ | 44 right | case |
| 43 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 right | nmod:poss |
| 44 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 come | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 drive | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drive | present | USA cars | the right | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | come | present | the nearest cars | your left | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from left=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | drive | present | cars | the UK and Ireland and Australia and New Zealand | on the left | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent in uk=Destination on left=Initial_Location | |||
| 4 | come | present | the nearest cars | your right | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from right=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:041-crossing-the-road.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/3/