The forged signature and how it always ends, sentence 7
Arjun in Mumbai wrote his own permission slip for a trip his parents had said no to; on the morning of the trip the teacher phoned home about pick-up time, and he was taken off the bus in front of everyone.
Who acts: Arjun, parents, teacher · What happens: write, say, phone, take off, slip · To what, where: own permission slip, no, teacher, front · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The forged signature and how it always ends» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arjun, parents, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arjun | Arjun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 wrote | nsubj |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 3 Mumbai | case |
| 3 | Mumbai | Mumbai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Arjun | nmod |
| 4 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 slip | nmod:poss |
| 6 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 slip | amod |
| 7 | permission | permission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 slip | compound |
| 8 | slip | slip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wrote | obj |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 trip | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 trip | det |
| 11 | trip | trip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 wrote | obl |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 parents | nmod:poss |
| 13 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 said | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 said | aux |
| 15 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 trip | acl:relcl |
| 16 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 said | obj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 said | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 phoned | punct |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 morning | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 morning | det |
| 21 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 phoned | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 trip | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 trip | det |
| 24 | trip | trip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 morning | nmod |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 teacher | det |
| 26 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 phoned | nsubj |
| 27 | phoned | phone | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 wrote | parataxis |
| 28 | home | home | ADV | _ | 27 phoned | advmod |
| 29 | about | about | ADP | _ | 33 time | case |
| 30 | pick | pick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 time | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 up | punct |
| 32 | up | up | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 pick | compound |
| 33 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 phoned | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 taken | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 taken | cc |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 taken | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 taken | aux:pass |
| 38 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 wrote | conj |
| 39 | off | off | ADP | _ | 41 bus | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 bus | det |
| 41 | bus | bus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 taken | obl |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 front | case |
| 43 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 taken | obl |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 everyone | case |
| 45 | everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 43 front | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 wrote | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | past | Arjun in Mumbai | Arjun's own permission slip | for a trip | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent slip=Result for trip=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past · perfect | Arjun's parents | no | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent no=Topic | ||||
| 3 | phone | past | the teacher | morning; time | home property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | take off | past · passive | teacher | front of everyone | off the bus | tree rules | |||
| 5 | slip | Arjun | nom slip «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:429-the-forged-signature-and-how-it-always-ends.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/429-the-forged-signature-and-how-it-always-ends/7/