Cousins: like a sister, posh, or far away, sentence 12
Every Sunday Mei-Lin in London video calls her cousin in Shanghai; the cousin teaches her Chinese words, and Mei-Lin teaches her slang: «That's peng» (London for really nice).
Who acts: Mei, cousin, That · What happens: call, teach, be, word, slang · To what, where: video, Chinese words, slang · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Cousins: like a sister, posh, or far away» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mei, cousin, That), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 Sunday | det |
| 2 | Sunday | Sunday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 calls | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | Mei | Mei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 calls | nsubj |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 Lin | punct |
| 5 | Lin | Lin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Mei | flat |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 London | case |
| 7 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Mei | nmod |
| 8 | video | video | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 calls | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 cousin | nmod:poss |
| 11 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 calls | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 Shanghai | case |
| 13 | Shanghai | Shanghai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 cousin | nmod |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 teaches | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 cousin | det |
| 16 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 teaches | nsubj |
| 17 | teaches | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 calls | conj |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 words | nmod:poss |
| 19 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 words | amod |
| 20 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 teaches | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 teaches | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 teaches | cc |
| 23 | Mei | Mei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 teaches | nsubj |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 Mei | punct |
| 25 | Lin | Lin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Mei | flat |
| 26 | teaches | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 calls | conj |
| 27 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 slang | nmod:poss |
| 28 | slang | slang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 teaches | obj |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 peng | punct |
| 30 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 33 peng | punct |
| 31 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 peng | nsubj |
| 32 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 peng | cop |
| 33 | peng | peng | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 calls | conj |
| 34 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 33 peng | punct |
| 35 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 36 London | punct |
| 36 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 peng | parataxis |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 39 nice | case |
| 38 | really | really | ADV | _ | 39 nice | advmod |
| 39 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 London | nmod |
| 40 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 33 peng | punct |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 calls | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | present | Mei in London | video | sunday | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent cousin=Recipient | |||
| 2 | teach speech: other | present | the cousin | Mei's Chinese words | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent word=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | teach speech: other | present | Mei | Mei's slang | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent slang=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | That | peng property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | word | Mei | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 6 | slang | Mei | nom slang «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:everyday:510-cousins-like-a-sister-posh-or-far-away.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/510-cousins-like-a-sister-posh-or-far-away/12/