Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u, sentence 4

The French u has no English twin: say "ee", freeze your tongue, then push your lips into a small circle, and you are saying tu.

Who acts: French u, you · What happens: have, say, freeze, push · To what, where: English twin, ee, tongue, lips, small circle, tu · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Funny French sounds: nasal vowels, the French r and u» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French u, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 u	det
2	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 u	amod
3	u	u	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 twin	det
6	English	English	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 twin	amod
7	twin	twin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 say	punct
9	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 has	parataxis
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 ee	punct
11	ee	ee	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 say	obj
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 ee	punct
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 freeze	punct
14	freeze	freeze	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	9 say	conj
15	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 tongue	nmod:poss
16	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 freeze	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 push	punct
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 push	advmod
19	push	push	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	9 say	conj
20	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	21 lips	nmod:poss
21	lips	lip	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 push	obj
22	into	into	ADP	_	25 circle	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 circle	det
24	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 circle	amod
25	circle	circle	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 push	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 saying	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	30 saying	cc
28	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	30 saying	nsubj
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 saying	aux
30	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 has	advcl
31	tu	tu	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 saying	obj
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	have	present	the French u	no English twin			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent twin=Patient
2	say speech: assert	infinitive		ee			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ee=Topic
3	freeze	infinitive		your tongue			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient tongue=Result
4	push	infinitive		your lips	a small circle	then	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lip=Theme into circle=Destination
5	say speech: assert	present · progressive	you	tu			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent tu=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:002-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/2-funny-french-sounds-nasal-vowels-the-french-r-and-u/4/