Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends, sentence 11
a without an accent means "has": il a un chat (he has a cat); à with an accent means to, at or in: il va à Paris (he is going to Paris).
Who acts: a, c · What happens: mean, have, go · To what, where: il, cat, il va, Paris · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (a, c), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 means | nsubj |
| 2 | without | without | ADP | _ | 4 accent | case |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 accent | det |
| 4 | accent | accent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 a | nmod |
| 5 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 has | punct |
| 7 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 means | ccomp |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 has | punct |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 il | punct |
| 10 | il | il | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 has | nmod:unmarked |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 chat | det |
| 12 | un | un | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 chat | compound |
| 13 | chat | chat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 has | obj |
| 14 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 has | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 has | nsubj |
| 16 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 chat | parataxis |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 cat | det |
| 18 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 has | obj |
| 19 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 has | punct |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 means | punct |
| 21 | à | à | ADV | _ | 25 means | advmod |
| 22 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 25 means | mark |
| 23 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 accent | det |
| 24 | accent | accent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 à | nmod |
| 25 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 means | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 va | mark |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 va | punct |
| 28 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 va | case |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 in | cc |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 at | conj |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 at | punct |
| 32 | il | il | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 va | compound |
| 33 | va | va | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 means | obj |
| 34 | à | à | ADP | _ | 35 Paris | case |
| 35 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 va | parataxis |
| 36 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 39 going | punct |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 going | nsubj |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 going | aux |
| 39 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 Paris | parataxis |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 Paris | case |
| 41 | Paris | Paris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 going | obl |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 39 going | punct |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | a | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | have in a quote | present | il | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chat=Patient | |||||
| 3 | have | present | c | a cat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Patient | ||||
| 4 | mean | present | a not said here | il va | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent va=Topic | ||||
| 5 | go | present · progressive | c | Paris | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to paris=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:003-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/11/