Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends, sentence 9
The cédille is a little tail under c (ç); it makes c say "s" before a, o or u: le garçon (boy) is "gar-SON", ça (that) is "SA".
Who acts: cédille, c, u, ça · What happens: be, make, say · To what, where: little tail, c, s, SA · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cédille, c, u, ça), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cédille | det |
| 2 | cédille | cédille | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tail | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tail | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 tail | det |
| 5 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 tail | amod |
| 6 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | under | under | ADP | _ | 8 c | case |
| 8 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tail | nmod |
| 9 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 ç | punct |
| 10 | ç | ç | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 c | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 ç | punct |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 makes | punct |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 makes | nsubj |
| 14 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 tail | parataxis |
| 15 | c | c | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 say | nsubj |
| 16 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 makes | xcomp |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 s | punct |
| 18 | s | s | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 say | obj |
| 19 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 s | punct |
| 20 | before | before | ADP | _ | 36 SON | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 SON | det |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 SON | punct |
| 23 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 36 SON | mark |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 36 SON | cc |
| 25 | u | u | NOUN | _ | 36 SON | nsubj |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 garçon | punct |
| 27 | le | le | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 garçon | compound |
| 28 | garçon | garçon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 SON | nsubj |
| 29 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 30 boy | punct |
| 30 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 garçon | appos |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 30 boy | punct |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 SON | cop |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 SON | punct |
| 34 | gar | gar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 SON | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 SON | punct |
| 36 | SON | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 say | obl |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 makes | punct |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 ça | punct |
| 39 | ça | ça | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 45 SA | nsubj |
| 40 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 41 that | punct |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 ça | appos |
| 42 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 41 that | punct |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 SA | cop |
| 44 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 SA | punct |
| 45 | SA | SA | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 tail | parataxis |
| 46 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 SA | punct |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 tail | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the cédille | a little tail | c | tree rules | |||
| 2 | make | present | cédille | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | infinitive | c | s | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent s=Topic | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | u | before a gar SON | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | ça | SA | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:003-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/3-accents-e-e-e-c-and-friends/9/