English words that came from French, sentence 17

Garage is a French word: French says "ga-RAZH"; British English often says "GARR-idge" and American English "guh-RAHZH", and both are fine in English.

Who acts: Garage, French, British English, both · What happens: be, say · To what, where: French word, ga RAZH, GARR idge, English · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «English words that came from French» of the french course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Garage, French, British English, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Garage	garage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 word	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 word	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 word	det
4	French	French	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 word	amod
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 says	punct
7	French	French	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 says	nsubj
8	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 word	parataxis
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 RAZH	punct
10	ga	ga	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 RAZH	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 RAZH	punct
12	RAZH	RAZH	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 says	obj
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 RAZH	punct
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 says	punct
15	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 English	amod
16	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 says	nsubj
17	often	often	ADV	_	18 says	advmod
18	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 says	conj
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 idge	punct
20	GARR	GARR	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 idge	compound
21	-	-	PUNCT	_	22 idge	punct
22	idge	idge	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 says	obj
23	"	"	PUNCT	_	22 idge	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 English	cc
25	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 English	amod
26	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 English	conj
27	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 RAZH	punct
28	guh	guh	INTJ	_	30 RAHZH	discourse
29	-	-	PUNCT	_	30 RAHZH	punct
30	RAHZH	RAHZH	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 idge	conj
31	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 RAZH	punct
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 fine	punct
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 fine	cc
34	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	36 fine	nsubj
35	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	36 fine	cop
36	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 word	conj
37	in	in	ADP	_	38 English	case
38	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	36 fine	obl
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 word	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed voice=narrator

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Garage	a French word			tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present	French	ga RAZH			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent razh=Topic
3	say speech: assert	present	British English and American English	GARR idge and RAHZH		often property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent idge=Topic
4	is	present	both		English	fine property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:french:036-english-words-that-came-from-french.lesson:17.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/17/