The Middle East and Central Asia, sentence 10
Istanbul was Constantinople, the Byzantine capital, which the Ottomans conquered in 1453.
Who acts: Istanbul, Ottomans · What happens: be, conquer · To what, where: Constantinople, Byzantine capital, 1453
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Istanbul, Ottomans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Istanbul | Istanbul | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Constantinople | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 Constantinople | cop |
| 3 | Constantinople | Constantinople | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Constantinople | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 capital | det |
| 6 | Byzantine | Byzantine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 capital | amod |
| 7 | capital | capital | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Constantinople | appos |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 capital | punct |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 conquered | obj |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Ottomans | det |
| 11 | Ottomans | Ottoman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 conquered | nsubj |
| 12 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 capital | acl:relcl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 1453 | case |
| 14 | 1453 | 1453 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 12 conquered | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 Constantinople | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Istanbul | Constantinople | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | conquer | past | the Ottomans | the Byzantine capital | 1453 | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:012-middle-east-and-central-asia.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/10/