The great rivers, sentence 2
Rivers made history: Egypt grew on the Nile's yearly floods, China on the Yellow River and the Yangtze, and in Europa Universalis 5 the Danube is a frontier between the Habsburgs, Hungary and the Ottomans, while Rhine cities like Cologne grow rich from tolls.
Who acts: Rivers, Egypt, Danube, Rhine cities, Nile · What happens: make, grow, be, flood · To what, where: history, yearly floods, frontier, Europa Universalis
This is a sentence of the lesson «The great rivers» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rivers, Egypt, Danube, Rhine cities), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 grew | punct |
| 5 | Egypt | Egypt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 grew | nsubj |
| 6 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | parataxis |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 floods | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Nile | det |
| 9 | Nile | Nile | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 floods | nmod:poss |
| 10 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 9 Nile | case |
| 11 | yearly | yearly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 floods | amod |
| 12 | floods | flood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 grew | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 China | punct |
| 14 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 floods | appos |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 18 River | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 River | det |
| 17 | Yellow | yellow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 River | amod |
| 18 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 China | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Yangtze | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Yangtze | det |
| 21 | Yangtze | Yangtze | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 China | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 frontier | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 frontier | cc |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 Universalis | case |
| 25 | Europa | Europa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Universalis | compound |
| 26 | Universalis | Universalis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 frontier | obl |
| 27 | 5 | 5 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 26 Universalis | flat |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Danube | det |
| 29 | Danube | Danube | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 frontier | nsubj |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 frontier | cop |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 frontier | det |
| 32 | frontier | frontier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | conj |
| 33 | between | between | ADP | _ | 35 Habsburgs | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Habsburgs | det |
| 35 | Habsburgs | Habsburg | PROPN | Number=Plur | 32 frontier | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 Hungary | punct |
| 37 | Hungary | Hungary | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Habsburgs | conj |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 Ottomans | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 Ottomans | det |
| 40 | Ottomans | Ottoman | PROPN | Number=Plur | 35 Habsburgs | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 grow | punct |
| 42 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 47 grow | mark |
| 43 | Rhine | Rhine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 cities | compound |
| 44 | cities | city | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 grow | nsubj |
| 45 | like | like | ADP | _ | 46 Cologne | case |
| 46 | Cologne | Cologne | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 cities | nmod |
| 47 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | conj |
| 48 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 grow | xcomp |
| 49 | from | from | ADP | _ | 50 tolls | case |
| 50 | tolls | toll | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 rich | obl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Rivers | history | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset history=Product | ||||
| 2 | grow | past | Egypt | the Nile's yearly floods | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on flood=Location | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | the Danube | a frontier | Europa Universalis | between the Habsburgs and Hungary and the Ottomans | tree rules | ||
| 4 | grow | present | Rhine cities like Cologne | rich property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | flood | the Nile | nom flood «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:016-the-great-rivers.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/16-the-great-rivers/2/