Mountains and highlands, sentence 0

Most great mountains are pushed up where pieces of the Earth's crust crash together very slowly: India is still pushing into Asia, so the Himalayas are still rising by a few millimetres a year.

Who acts: pieces, India, Himalayas · What happens: push up, crash, push, rise · To what, where: Most great mountains, Asia

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains and highlands» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pieces, India, Himalayas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 mountains	amod
2	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 mountains	amod
3	mountains	mountain	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 pushed	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pushed	aux:pass
5	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 pushed	compound:prt
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	14 crash	advmod
8	pieces	piece	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 crash	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	13 crust	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Earth	det
11	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 crust	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 Earth	case
13	crust	crust	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pieces	nmod
14	crash	crash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 pushed	advcl
15	together	together	ADV	_	14 crash	advmod
16	very	very	ADV	_	17 slowly	advmod
17	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	14 crash	advmod
18	:	:	PUNCT	_	22 pushing	punct
19	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 pushing	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 pushing	aux
21	still	still	ADV	_	22 pushing	advmod
22	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 crash	parataxis
23	into	into	ADP	_	24 Asia	case
24	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	22 pushing	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 rising	punct
26	so	so	ADV	_	31 rising	advmod
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 Himalayas	det
28	Himalayas	Himalayas	PROPN	Number=Plur	31 rising	nsubj
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 rising	aux
30	still	still	ADV	_	31 rising	advmod
31	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 pushing	conj
32	by	by	ADP	_	35 millimetres	case
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	35 millimetres	det
34	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	35 millimetres	amod
35	millimetres	millimetre	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 rising	obl
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 year	det
37	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 millimetres	nmod:unmarked
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 pushed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push up	present · passive		Most great mountains				vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	crash	present	pieces of the Earth's crust				slowly, together property	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	push	present · progressive	India		Asia	still		vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into asia=Destination
4	rise	present · progressive	the Himalayas			still	by a few millimetres a year	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by millimetre=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:017-mountains-and-highlands.lesson:0.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/17-mountains-and-highlands/0/