Deserts, sentence 4

Really camel caravans crossed it for centuries, carrying salt, gold, cloth and also enslaved people, linking Timbuktu with the salt mines and the Mediterranean.

Who acts: camel caravans · What happens: cross, carry, enslave, link · To what, where: Sahara, salt, Timbuktu

This is a sentence of the lesson «Deserts» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (camel caravans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Really	really	ADV	_	4 crossed	advmod
2	camel	camel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caravans	compound
3	caravans	caravan	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 crossed	nsubj
4	crossed	cross	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 crossed	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 centuries	case
7	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 crossed	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 carrying	punct
9	carrying	carry	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 crossed	advcl
10	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 carrying	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 gold	punct
12	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 salt	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cloth	punct
14	cloth	cloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 salt	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 people	cc
16	also	also	ADV	_	17 enslaved	advmod
17	enslaved	enslave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 people	amod
18	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 salt	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 linking	punct
20	linking	link	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 carrying	conj
21	Timbuktu	Timbuktu	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 linking	obj
22	with	with	ADP	_	25 mines	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 mines	det
24	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 mines	compound
25	mines	mine	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 linking	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 Mediterranean	cc
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 Mediterranean	det
28	Mediterranean	Mediterranean	PROPN	Number=Sing	25 mines	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 crossed	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	cross	past	camel caravans	Sahara	century		vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
2	carry	gerund	camel caravans not said here	salt and gold and cloth and enslaved people			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salt=Theme
3	enslave	participle					vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	link	gerund	camel caravans not said here	Timbuktu		with the salt mines and the Mediterranean	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent timbuktu=Patient with mine=Co-Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:geography:018-deserts.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/18-deserts/4/